STEP 1 — 자막 없이 듣기
오늘은 영어 학습자들이 가장 어려워하는
현재완료(present perfect)를 강의합니다.
단순 과거와 어떻게 다른지,
어떤 상황에서 쓰는지 귀로 먼저 느껴보세요. 👂
얼마나 들리는지 확인해보세요!
딕테이션 — 받아쓰기
빈칸을 채워보세요정답
trickiest / present perfect정답
past participle정답
mark / mix정답
simple past정답
ate정답
stated정답
compare정답
finished / matters정답
connected정답
uses정답
completion정답
continuation정답
mistake정답
correct정답
paired정답
wrong정답
yesterday정답
incorrect정답
saw정답
never / naturally정답
already정답
hasn't정답
specific past time정답
connects정답
tricky / natural정답
ask / matterSTEP 2.3 — 스크립트 + 해설
탭하면 해설이 펼쳐져요1 Today, we are going to talk about one of the trickiest parts of English grammar: the present perfect. 👆 탭하면 해설
2 The form is simple: have or has, plus a past participle. 👆 탭하면 해설
3 The challenge is meaning. Korean does not mark this difference as clearly, so many learners mix it up with the simple past.⭐ 핵심 👆 탭하면 해설
4 Let's start with the simple past. 👆 탭하면 해설
5 "I ate breakfast." This tells us a fact from the past. 👆 탭하면 해설
6 There is a clear past time in mind, even if it is not stated. 👆 탭하면 해설
7 Now compare that with the present perfect. 👆 탭하면 해설
8 "I have eaten breakfast." The action is finished, but the result still matters now.⭐ 핵심 👆 탭하면 해설
9 In other words, I am full now. The past and the present are connected.⭐ 핵심 👆 탭하면 해설
10 The present perfect has three main uses. 👆 탭하면 해설
11 First, experience: "I have been to Japan." 👆 탭하면 해설
12 Second, completion: "She has just finished her homework." 👆 탭하면 해설
13 Third, continuation: "He has lived here for ten years." He still lives here. 👆 탭하면 해설
14 Here is a common mistake. 👆 탭하면 해설
15 "When did you go to Paris?" is correct. 👆 탭하면 해설
16 When used as a question word asking about a specific past moment, "when" cannot be paired with the present perfect. 👆 탭하면 해설
17 So, "When have you gone to Paris?" is wrong. 👆 탭하면 해설
18 The present perfect cannot be used with specific finished time expressions like yesterday, last year, or ago. 👆 탭하면 해설
19 "I have seen that movie yesterday." is incorrect. 👆 탭하면 해설
20 Say, "I saw that movie yesterday." 👆 탭하면 해설
21 On the other hand, words like already, just, yet, ever, never, for, and since work naturally with the present perfect.⭐ 핵심 👆 탭하면 해설
22 "I have already read that book." 👆 탭하면 해설
23 "She hasn't arrived yet." 👆 탭하면 해설
24 So, use the simple past when there is a specific past time. 👆 탭하면 해설
25 Use the present perfect when the past still connects to the present. 👆 탭하면 해설
26 It feels tricky at first, but the more examples you see, the more natural it becomes.⭐ 핵심 👆 탭하면 해설
27 Try making your own sentences and ask yourself: does the past still matter now? 👆 탭하면 해설
스크립트 전문
영문 + 한글Today, we are going to talk about one of the trickiest parts of English grammar: the present perfect.
The form is simple: have or has, plus a past participle.
The challenge is meaning. Korean does not mark this difference as clearly, so many learners mix it up with the simple past.
Let's start with the simple past.
"I ate breakfast." This tells us a fact from the past.
There is a clear past time in mind, even if it is not stated.
Now compare that with the present perfect.
"I have eaten breakfast." The action is finished, but the result still matters now.
In other words, I am full now. The past and the present are connected.
The present perfect has three main uses.
First, experience: "I have been to Japan."
Second, completion: "She has just finished her homework."
Third, continuation: "He has lived here for ten years." He still lives here.
Here is a common mistake.
"When did you go to Paris?" is correct.
When used as a question word asking about a specific past moment, "when" cannot be paired with the present perfect.
So, "When have you gone to Paris?" is wrong.
The present perfect cannot be used with specific finished time expressions like yesterday, last year, or ago.
"I have seen that movie yesterday." is incorrect.
Say, "I saw that movie yesterday."
On the other hand, words like already, just, yet, ever, never, for, and since work naturally with the present perfect.
"I have already read that book."
"She hasn't arrived yet."
So, use the simple past when there is a specific past time.
Use the present perfect when the past still connects to the present.
It feels tricky at first, but the more examples you see, the more natural it becomes.
Try making your own sentences and ask yourself: does the past still matter now?
오늘은 영문법에서 가장 까다로운 부분 중 하나인 현재완료에 대해 이야기해볼게요.
형태는 간단해요. have 또는 has에 과거분사를 붙이면 돼요.
어려운 건 의미예요. 한국어는 이 차이를 명확하게 표시하지 않아서, 많은 학습자들이 단순 과거와 혼동해요.
단순 과거부터 시작해볼게요.
"I ate breakfast." 이 문장은 과거의 사실을 알려줘요.
명시되지 않더라도 머릿속에 명확한 과거 시점이 있어요.
이제 현재완료와 비교해볼게요.
"I have eaten breakfast." 행동은 끝났지만, 그 결과가 지금도 중요해요.
다시 말해, 지금 배가 불러요. 과거와 현재가 연결돼 있는 거예요.
현재완료에는 크게 세 가지 주요 용법이 있어요.
첫 번째는 경험이에요. "I have been to Japan."
두 번째는 완료예요. "She has just finished her homework."
세 번째는 계속이에요. "He has lived here for ten years." 지금도 살고 있다는 뜻이에요.
여기서 흔한 실수가 나와요.
"When did you go to Paris?"는 맞는 표현이에요.
when이 특정 과거 시점을 묻는 의문사로 쓰일 때는 현재완료와 함께 쓸 수 없어요.
그래서, "When have you gone to Paris?"는 틀려요.
현재완료는 yesterday, last year, ago처럼 특정 완료된 시점을 나타내는 표현과 함께 쓸 수 없어요.
"I have seen that movie yesterday."는 틀린 문장이에요.
"I saw that movie yesterday."라고 해야 해요.
반면에 already, just, yet, ever, never, for, since 같은 단어들은 현재완료와 자연스럽게 어울려요.
"I have already read that book."
"She hasn't arrived yet."
정리하자면, 특정 과거 시점이 있을 때는 단순 과거를 써요.
과거가 현재와 연결될 때는 현재완료를 써요.
처음엔 까다롭게 느껴지겠지만, 예문을 많이 볼수록 더 자연스러워질 거예요.
직접 문장을 만들어보고 스스로에게 물어보세요. 그 과거가 지금도 중요한가요?
STEP 4 — 핵심문장 말하기
한글 보고 영어로 말해보세요1어려운 건 의미예요. 한국어는 이 차이를 명확히 표시하지 않아서, 많은 학습자들이 단순 과거와 혼동해요. 👆 탭하면 정답이 나와요
2"I have eaten breakfast." 행동은 끝났지만, 그 결과가 지금도 중요해요. 👆 탭하면 정답이 나와요
3다시 말해, 지금 배가 불러요. 과거와 현재가 연결돼 있는 거예요. 👆 탭하면 정답이 나와요
4반면에 already, just, yet, ever, never, for, since 같은 단어들은 현재완료와 자연스럽게 어울려요. 👆 탭하면 정답이 나와요
5처음엔 까다롭게 느껴지겠지만, 예문을 많이 볼수록 더 자연스러워질 거예요. 👆 탭하면 정답이 나와요
STEP 5 — 복습 듣기
처음보다 더 많이 들리나요?
들리는 문장을 따라 말해보세요! 🗣️
mix it up / in other words / on the other hand 같은
핵심 표현들이 귀에 들리면 성공입니다! ✨
단순 과거 vs. 현재완료,
이제 그 차이가 자연스럽게 느껴지나요? 🎓
CHECK — 확인 퀴즈
20문제정답 확인
"I have seen that movie yesterday."
정답 확인
"Many learners mix it up with the simple past."
정답 확인
"When did you go to Paris?"
정답 확인
"the form of a verb used in compound tenses such as the present perfect; in English, usually formed by adding -ed or -en to the base verb (e.g. eaten, finished, gone)"
정답 확인
정답 확인
"She hasn't arrived yet."
정답 확인
"In other words, I am full now."
정답 확인
정답 확인
정답 확인
"He has lived here since ten years."
정답 확인
"On the other hand, words like already, just, yet...work naturally with the present perfect."
정답 확인
"___ examples you see, ___ natural it becomes."
정답 확인
"I saw that movie yesterday."
정답 확인
"Today, we are going to talk about one of the trickiest parts of English grammar."
정답 확인
정답 확인
"When have you gone to Paris?"
정답 확인
"When used as a question word, 'when' cannot be paired with the present perfect."
정답 확인
정답 확인
"Try making your own sentences and ask yourself: does the past still matter now?"
정답 확인
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